What is 5G?
In telecommunications, 5G is the fifth generation communication technology standard for broadband cellular networks. The development of it began in the year of 2019.
Advantages/Benefits/Features of 5G
It brings great benefits to both the civilian and commercial telecommunications sectors. It will generate higher data rates (approximately from ~50 Mbps to over 1 Gbps), very fast transmission enabled by high bandwidth. Beyond these technological aspects and benefits it brings to the civilian sector, there are considerable military benefits as well.
Indian military planners, just as they are in other
countries, are eagerly waiting to seize this opportunity to integrate 5G hardware and
software for their current and future capabilities. this 5th generation communicatio technology will have faster response rates due to its higher data rates than 4G, wider bandwidth and extremely quick transmission and
reception of imagery and battlefield conditions. Nevertheless, 5G spectrum
brings more complex challenges to a range of the military’s technical capacities.
Impact On Indian Defence
Forces:
(i) It will have an impact on defence electronic systems. These defence electronic systems are part of the terrestrial radar networks and man-portable radio sets which impact communications.
(ii) Unlike the commercial users of 5th generation communication technology who might not want to invest in robust protection gear from interference due to high cost, the Indian armed services will be compelled to do so. Hence,it will likely to increase defence expenditure of India.
(iii) The
cost of all products made or likely to be manufactured under the guidelines of ‘Make In India’ programme will
also increase due to requirement of modification as per 5G technology.
(iv) The armed services are likely to face ubiquitous obstacles, such as high-powered jamming signals of the opponent. 5G has high bandwidth. Consequently, jammers will follow into the millimetre wave range to jam systems at close range. All users, including commercial and military users, will depend on 28 GHz and beyond for short distance transmission. This is unlike 4G which has a longer wavelength and lower frequency signals, generally 3.5 GHz and below. Across wireless networks, bandwidth at lower frequencies, as is the case with 4G, has effectively limited the capacity to transmit at higher speeds to the MB/s range. 5G developers are expecting to increase it to the 1 GB/s range, which will be feasible only at short ranges. If India is going to import wireless communication from Huawei or ZTE, then it will be very easy for Chinese armed forces to wage a cyber war with India as the big data will be easily available .
In this context, importing any piece of equipment related to 5th generation communication technology from China’s two telecommunications giants is likely to be very risky from the standpoint of the Indian armed services and communication sovereignty .
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